Lesson 20: Health and the Body

🔤 Languages: English | 中文 (Mandarim, with Pinyin) | Português
📘 Level: Beginner/Intermediate

🎯 1. Objectives | Objetivos | 学习目标

By the end of this lesson, you will:

Know how to name body parts and common health issues.
Express how you feel (e.g., sick, tired, in pain).
Ask for and understand basic medical help in three languages.
Describe body parts and symptoms clearly.

🧠 2. Vocabulary | Vocabulário | 词汇

✅ Body Parts | Partes do Corpo | 身体部位

English	Chinese (中文)	Pinyin	Português
Head	头	tóu	Cabeça
Hair	头发	tóufa	Cabelo
Face	脸	liǎn	Rosto
Eye	眼睛	yǎnjing	Olho
Ear	耳朵	ěrduo	Orelha
Nose	鼻子	bízi	Nariz
Mouth	嘴巴	zuǐba	Boca
Neck	脖子	bózi	Pescoço
Arm	胳膊	gēbo	Braço
Hand	手	shǒu	Mão
Finger	手指	shǒuzhǐ	Dedo
Leg	腿	tuǐ	Perna
Foot	脚	jiǎo	Pé
Stomach	肚子	dùzi	Estômago
Back	背	bèi	Costas
Heart	心脏	xīnzàng	Coração

✅ Common Health Issues | Problemas de Saúde | 常见健康问题

English	Chinese (中文)	Pinyin	Português
Pain	疼痛	téngtòng	Dor
Headache	头痛	tóutòng	Dor de cabeça
Fever	发烧	fāshāo	Febre
Cold	感冒	gǎnmào	Gripe/resfriado
Cough	咳嗽	késou	Tosse
Sore throat	喉咙痛	hóulóng tòng	Dor de garganta
Tired	累	lèi	Cansado(a)
Vomit	呕吐	ǒutù	Vômito
Diarrhea	拉肚子	lādùzi	Diarreia
Medicine	药	yào	Remédio
Doctor	医生	yīshēng	Médico(a)
Hospital	医院	yīyuàn	Hospital

🗣️ 3. Useful Phrases | Frases úteis | 实用句子

✅ English

I feel sick.
I have a headache.
I need to see a doctor.
Where is the hospital?
Are you okay?
Take this medicine.

✅ 中文

我感觉不舒服。
Wǒ gǎnjué bù shūfu.
我头疼。
Wǒ tóuténg.
我需要看医生。
Wǒ xūyào kàn yīshēng.
医院在哪里？
Yīyuàn zài nǎlǐ?
你还好吗？
Nǐ hái hǎo ma?
吃这个药。
Chī zhège yào.

✅ Português

Eu estou me sentindo mal.
Estou com dor de cabeça.
Preciso ver um médico.
Onde fica o hospital?
Você está bem?
Tome este remédio.

📖 4. Grammar Focus | Foco Gramatical | 语法重点

✅ English:

Subject + have/feel + symptom

I have a fever.
I feel tired.

✅ Chinese:

Subject + 有 / 是 + 症状

我发烧了。
Wǒ fāshāo le.
我很累。
Wǒ hěn lèi.

✅ Português:

Eu + estou com / sinto + sintoma

Estou com febre.
Eu me sinto cansado(a).

💬 5. Dialogue Practice | Prática de Diálogo | 对话练习

🏥 Dialogue – At the Clinic

ENGLISH
A: Hello, what’s wrong?
B: I have a sore throat and a fever.
A: You need to rest and take this medicine.

中文
A：你好，哪里不舒服？
Nǐ hǎo, nǎlǐ bù shūfu?
B：我喉咙痛，还有发烧。
Wǒ hóulóng tòng, háiyǒu fāshāo.
A：你需要休息，吃这个药。
Nǐ xūyào xiūxí, chī zhège yào.

PORTUGUÊS
A: Olá, o que está sentindo?
B: Estou com dor de garganta e febre.
A: Você precisa descansar e tomar este remédio.

🧑‍⚕️ 6. Cultural Insight | Dica Cultural | 文化小贴士

In China, traditional medicine (中药 zhōngyào) is often used along with modern treatment.
In Mozambique and Brazil, public health centers are available but sometimes limited—private clinics are preferred when possible.
In English-speaking countries, walk-in clinics and pharmacies are widespread and easy to access for minor issues.

✍️ 7. Writing Task | Tarefa de Escrita | 写作任务

Describe a time you were sick. Include:

Symptoms you had
What you did (e.g., went to doctor, took medicine)
What helped you recover

Português (Exemplo):
Semana passada, eu estava com gripe. Tive febre e dor de cabeça. Fui ao médico, tomei remédio e descansei muito. Agora estou melhor.

Mandarim (Exemplo):
上个星期我感冒了。我发烧和头痛。我去看医生，吃药，多休息。现在好多了。
Shàng gè xīngqī wǒ gǎnmào le. Wǒ fāshāo hé tóutòng. Wǒ qù kàn yīshēng, chī yào, duō xiūxí. Xiànzài hǎo duō le.

English:
Last week I had a cold. I had a fever and a headache. I went to the doctor, took some medicine, and rested. Now I’m much better.

📋 8. Review Quiz | Revisão | 测验

What is “sore throat” in Mandarin and Portuguese?
Translate: “I need to see a doctor.”
What are three symptoms you can say in all three languages?
Write a sentence using the word “hospital” in all three languages.

🧩 9. Final Challenge | Desafio Final | 最终挑战

Create your own dialogue between a patient and a doctor:

Include at least 5 vocabulary words and 2 phrases from the lesson.
Translate your dialogue into English, Mandarin, and Portuguese.
Try to perform it with a friend or record your voice!