Lesson 9: Weather and Seasons

Languages: English | 中文 (Mandarim) | Português
Level: Beginner
Lesson Focus: Talking about weather, seasons, temperature, and preferences
Educational image available upon request

Objectives | Objetivos | 目标

By the end of this lesson, students will be able to:
✔️ Name different weather conditions and seasons
✔️ Ask and describe the weather in real time
✔️ Talk about their favorite season and temperature preferences
✔️ Practice basic conversational structures around climate

1. English Explanation (Main Focus)

Talking about the weather is something people do every day. It’s a safe topic for small talk and useful for travel, work, and planning daily life. In this lesson, you’ll learn vocabulary and expressions that help you talk about different types of weather and seasons in English, Mandarin Chinese, and Portuguese.

2. Essential Vocabulary | Vocabulário Essencial | 基本词汇

English	中文 (Mandarin)	Pinyin	Português
Weather	天气	tiānqì	Clima
Sunny	晴天	qíngtiān	Ensolarado
Cloudy	多云	duōyún	Nublado
Rainy	下雨	xiàyǔ	Chuvoso
Snowy	下雪	xiàxuě	Nevando
Windy	刮风	guāfēng	Ventando
Foggy	有雾	yǒu wù	Nebuloso
Hot	热	rè	Quente
Cold	冷	lěng	Frio
Warm	温暖	wēnnuǎn	Morno
Cool	凉快	liángkuai	Fresco
Storm	暴风雨	bàofēngyǔ	Tempestade
Lightning	闪电	shǎndiàn	Relâmpago
Temperature	温度	wēndù	Temperatura
Degree (°C)	摄氏度	shèshìdù	Grau Celsius

3. Seasons | Estações | 季节

English	中文	Pinyin	Português
Spring	春天	chūntiān	Primavera
Summer	夏天	xiàtiān	Verão
Autumn / Fall	秋天	qiūtiān	Outono
Winter	冬天	dōngtiān	Inverno

🗣️ 4. Useful Sentences | Frases Úteis | 实用句子

English	中文	Pinyin	Português
What’s the weather like today?	今天天气怎么样？	Jīntiān tiānqì zěnmeyàng?	Como está o tempo hoje?
It’s sunny.	是晴天。	Shì qíngtiān.	Está ensolarado.
It’s cloudy.	多云。	Duōyún.	Está nublado.
It’s raining.	正在下雨。	Zhèngzài xiàyǔ.	Está chovendo.
It’s snowing.	正在下雪。	Zhèngzài xiàxuě.	Está nevando.
It’s hot outside.	外面很热。	Wàimiàn hěn rè.	Está muito quente lá fora.
It’s cold today.	今天很冷。	Jīntiān hěn lěng.	Está frio hoje.
I like spring.	我喜欢春天。	Wǒ xǐhuān chūntiān.	Eu gosto da primavera.
Summer is very hot here.	这里夏天很热。	Zhèlǐ xiàtiān hěn rè.	O verão aqui é muito quente.
What season do you like best?	你最喜欢哪个季节？	Nǐ zuì xǐhuān nǎge jìjié?	Qual estação você mais gosta?
I don’t like winter.	我不喜欢冬天。	Wǒ bù xǐhuān dōngtiān.	Eu não gosto do inverno.
The weather is unpredictable.	天气变化无常。	Tiānqì biànhuà wúcháng.	O clima é imprevisível.

5. Sentence Structures | Estruturas Frasais | 句子结构

🔸 Asking About Weather

English: What’s the weather like today?
中文: 今天天气怎么样？
Português: Como está o tempo hoje?

🔹 Structure:
[Time] + [weather word] + [description/question]

🔸 Describing the Weather

English: It is raining.
中文: 正在下雨。
Português: Está chovendo.

🔹 Pattern:
Subject + Verb + Complement

“It is hot” → 它很热 → Está quente
“It is windy” → 刮风了 → Está ventando

6. Dialogue Practice | Prática de Diálogo | 对话练习

Mini-Dialogue 1:

English
A: What’s the weather like today?
B: It’s sunny and warm.

中文
A: 今天天气怎么样？
B: 是晴天，很温暖。

Português
A: Como está o tempo hoje?
B: Está ensolarado e morno.

Mini-Dialogue 2:

English
A: Do you like winter?
B: Not really. It’s too cold. I prefer summer.

中文
A: 你喜欢冬天吗？
B: 不太喜欢。太冷了。我更喜欢夏天。

Português
A: Você gosta do inverno?
B: Não muito. Está muito frio. Eu prefiro o verão.

7. Comprehension Exercise | Exercício | 阅读练习

Translate and answer in all 3 languages:

What’s your favorite season and why?
Describe the weather today.
What is the temperature in your city?

8. Culture Tip | Dica Cultural | 文化提示

In English-speaking countries, people often talk about the weather to start conversations. In Chinese culture, weather talk also shows care: “穿多一点，天气冷了” (“Wear more, the weather is cold”). In Portuguese-speaking cultures like Brazil or Mozambique, people often say “Está um calor de matar!” (“It’s a killer heat!”) informally.

9. Grammar Note: Using “Very” with Weather

English:

It’s very hot today.
It’s really cold outside.

中文:

今天很热 (jīntiān hěn rè)
外面非常冷 (wàimiàn fēicháng lěng)

Português:

Está muito quente hoje.
Está muito frio lá fora.

10. Quiz Yourself | Quiz Rápido | 小测验

Translate the following into English, Chinese, and Portuguese:

Está chovendo. = ?
I like spring. = ?
今天很冷。 = ?

Final Review

Sentence (English)	Mandarin	Portuguese
It’s hot today.	今天很热。	Está quente hoje.
I don’t like winter.	我不喜欢冬天。	Eu não gosto do inverno.
What season do you like?	你喜欢哪个季节？	Qual estação você gosta?
It’s raining.	正在下雨。	Está chovendo.